Back to Cardiovascular Drugs

enalaprilat

Brand

Enacard
Vasotec

Availability

1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg tablets

Pharmacology

An ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. Enalapril is converted in the liver to Enalaprilat.

It reduces vasoconstriction causing a decrease in peripheral resistance, a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance, and right atrial pressure in the heart. It increases cardiac ouput, and stroke volume. It has the ability to decrease heart rate and increase renal blood flow.

Enalapril is absorbed orally and Enalaprilat by injection or IV. They are both poorly distributed into the central nervous system, but do cross the placental barrier. Both forms are excreted in urine and feces.

Indications

Used in CHF(congestive heart failure), also used with caution in PGN (progressive glomerulonephroses) when hypertension is thought to be a factor.

Drug Interactions or Contraindications

When used with diuretics and other vasodilators may cause hypotension. Monitor doses carefully.

Use of NSAIDs with enalapril may reduce its efficacy.

Use with caution where azotemia is present.

Adverse Reactions

CV:  hypotension; disturbances in heart rhythm

CNS:  sleep disturbances

GI: diarrhea

Renal:  May cause transient increase in BUN and creatinine levels

Blood: neutropenia, agranulocytosis

Skin: itching

Dosage Recommendations

0.25 mg/lb , PO , BID  ³

Considerations

Monitor weight. Report weight gain or increased edema to veterinarian.

Avoid high sodium, high potassium foods.

Store tablets in tightly closed container at room temperature. Stable for 30 months.

Reports of high doses in rodents may cause maternal and fetal death.

Posted on June 23, 2003, 16:03, Last updated on June 10, 2008, 17:22 | Cardiovascular Drugs