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Brand

Biaxin

Pharmacology

A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, chemically related to erythromycin. It is active against both aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms as well as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycobacterium avium.

Clarithromycin is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed into body tissue and fluids, as well as crossing the placental barrier.

The drug is principally excreted via the liver and kidneys, and caution should be used in hepatic and renal impairment.

Indications

Used for respiratory infections as well as uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections

Drug Interactions or Contraindications

Do not give with cisapride, pimozide, astemizole or terfendadine.

Clarithromycin increases plasma levels of benzodiazepines and prolongs CNS effects, as well as the following:

Cyclosporine

Digoxin

Disopyramide

Ranitidine bismuth citrate

Theophylline.

Adverse Reactions

CNS:  loss of balance, behavioral changes

GI:  Abdominal pain, diarrhea, poor appetite.

Skin:  itching

Dosage Recommendations

*Rat approved dosages still being determined. Dose shown below is empiric.*
Dose range being tried in rats at this time is as follows:
1.5 to 5 mg/lb , PO , BID  ³

Consider prolonging dose intervals in severe renal impairment.

Considerations

Because of it’s rapid absorption into tissue, there is less GI distress than with erythromycin.

May be given with or without food.

Store at room temperature in a tightly closed container, away from light.

Do not refrigerate the suspension.

Posted on June 23, 2003, 14:29, Last updated on June 10, 2008, 19:52 | Antimicrobial Agents