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tamoxifen citrate

Brand

Apo-Tamox, Nolvadex, Tamofen, Tamone

Availability

10 mg and 20 mg tablets

Pharmacology

Tamoxifen is an antineoplastic, non-steroidal agent. An oral hormone that has potent antiestrogenic properties. It is able to bind to estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells.

It is primarily used in humans as an adjuvant therapy in node-negative or node-positive breast cancer. Used in premenopausal women as an alternative to oophorectomy or radiation. Used in men with advanced breast cancer.

Tamoxifen is considered investigational in its use in mastalgia, pancreatic carcinoma, advanced and recurrent endometrial and hepatocellular carcinoma.

The drug’s primary route of elimination is fecal. It is also excreted in breast milk.

Indications

Used in rats as palliative or adjuvant treatment in mammary and pituitary tumors sensitive to estrogen.

Drug Interactions or Contraindications

If used with other cytotoxic drugs increases risk of thromboembolic events.

Adverse Reactions

CNS:  poor coordination, fatigue

CV:  thrombolytic disorders, pulmonary embolism, peripheral edema

GI:  anorexia, diarrhea, abdominal pain

GU:  vaginal bleeding, ovarian cysts, hyperplasia of uterus, uterine cancer

Other:  hepatic necrosis, weight gain or loss, increased bone pain, pain from tumor, thinning or loss of hair/fur

Dosage Recommendations

*Note: Dosages are empiric.*

1.5 mg/lb to 3 mg/lb , PO , SID  ³

or

6.6 mg/kg SID for 6 days on, with one day off each week in existing tumors.

3.3 mg/kg SID for 6 days on, with one day off each week as a preventative measure.

*NOTE:
Plasma and or Steady-state levels may take several weeks to attain, and objective response may be delayed if metastasis has omlurred.

Considerations

Observed respiratory difficulties and convulsions in animals at high doses.

Stop drug 2 weeks prior to any surgical procedures(to prevent increased bleeding time)

Do not give to pregnant animals.

Administer an analgesic if pain increases.

Encourage fluids to prevent hypercalcemia

Read manufacturers label for storing.

Recommended to wear disposable gloves when cleaning cage of urine and feces and place in closed plastic bag for disposal.

Posted on June 23, 2003, 16:07, Last updated on March 17, 2008, 15:44 | Chemotherapy