(tylosin)
Brands
Veterinary: Tylan, Elanco
Veterinary Availability:
- Capsules: 100 mg
- Oral powder:
- Injectable: 50 mg/mL
Pharmacology
Tylosin is a macrolide, bacteriostatic, antibiotic. It has a broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive organisms and too a limited extent Gram-negative organisms. The drug is similar in structure, mechanism of action, and spectrum as that of erythromycin.
Although tylosin well distributed systemically, after absorption, it does not penetrate cerebral spinal fluid well. It crosses the placenta and penetrates breast milk. However, based on studies in animals the drug is believed to be safe for use during pregnancy and lactation, at therapeutic doses.
Tylosin is concentrated in the liver and excreted unchanged in urine and bile.
Indications
Used in treating mild to moderately severe forms of respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissue infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and mycoplasma. Also used in the treatment of colitis.
Drug Interactions or Contraindications
- May be antagonistic with chloramphenicol or lincosamides, not recommended to use together unless benefits outweigh risks.
- Tylosin when used with digitalis may increase digitalis glycoside blood levels that could result in toxicity.
Adverse Reactions
GI: diarrhea
Hepatic: hepatotoxicity
Skin: itching
Local: pain and swelling at injection site.
Other: overgrowth of non-susceptible bacteria or fungi
Dosage Recommendations
10 mg/kg, PO, SQ, q12hr 34, 41, 44
or
10 mg/kg, PO, SQ, IM, q12hr 26, 27, 35, 42
or
10 mg/kg, PO, q24hr times 5 days 41, 44
or
10 mg/kg, PO, SQ, IM, q24hr 1, 2, 26, 34
or
4.5 mg/lb, PO, SQ, IM, BID (as recommended on RMCA Drug Chart) 4, 12
or
Tylan Soluble 1/8 tsp. in 1 c. (8 oz.) drinking water mixed fresh every 3 days 4, 12
or
66 mg/liter of drinking water mixed fesh every 3 days 4
*Note: injectable form may be mixed in liquid or food and given PO
Safe for use in pregnant does and rats under 4 months.
Considerations
- If mixing in water change every three days and remove moist foods from diet to encourage drinking.
- Store powder and injectable at room temperature away from sunlight.
